Write phase of wave function in mathematical form
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-NI1EndSnk
$$$\psi = A \times \sin\phi $$$
$$$\psi$$$ is wave function
A is amplitude
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Why does phase $$$\phi$$$ become $$$\phi = kx -\omega t$$$?
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Notation of wave in physics way is that
$$$f (x-vt)$$$
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Above one shows function $$$f(x)$$$ is moved towards right as much as distance $$$s=vt$$$
Moved $$$f(x)$$$ can be written as $$$f(x-vt)$$$
So, things which can be represented as $$$f(x-vt)$$$ can be considered as wave
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$$$\sin 5 meter$$$ doesn't make sense
$$$\sin 10 seconds$$$ doesn't make sense
$$$\sin 5kilogram$$$ doesn't make sense
$$$\pi$$$ in $$$\sin\pi$$$ should have just number
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You had used $$$(x-vt)$$$ as kind of distance from above example
You can use k to remove unit to use $$$(x-vt)$$$ inside of $$$\sin$$$
$$$\sin k(x-vt)$$$
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wavelength is most important characteristic
and most important physical quantities in wave
wavelength is very physical quantities which are related to periodicity of wave
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If you pass $$$x+\lambda$$$ into $$$x$$$ from $$$\sin k(x-vt)$$$
value of $$$\sin k(x-vt)$$$ shoudln't change
To achieve this, you should have $$$k\lambda = 2\pi$$$
Therefore, $$$k=\dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda}$$$
k is called wave number
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$$$v = \dfrac{\lambda}{T} = f \lambda$$$
$$$\lambda$$$ is wavelength
$$$T$$$ is one period
$$$v$$$ is phase velocity of wave
$$$f$$$ is number of vibrations
Therefore, $$$kv = \dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda} \times f\lambda$$$
and finally $$$kv=2\pi f$$$
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$$$kv$$$ is called angular frequency $$$\omega$$$